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. 2016 May;6(3):205-11.
doi: 10.1016/j.apsb.2016.02.002. Epub 2016 Mar 22.

Andrographolide sulfonate ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in mice by down-regulating MAPK and NF-κB pathways

Shuang Peng  1 , Nan Hang  1 , Wen Liu  1 , Wenjie Guo  1 , Chunhong Jiang  2 , Xiaoling Yang  2 , Qiang Xu  1 , Yang Sun  1
Affiliations

Andrographolide sulfonate ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in mice by down-regulating MAPK and NF-κB pathways

Shuang Peng et al. Acta Pharm Sin B. 2016 May.

Abstract

Acute lung injury (ALI) or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a severe, life-threatening medical condition characterized by widespread inflammation in the lungs, and is a significant source of morbidity and mortality in the patient population. New therapies for the treatment of ALI are desperately needed. In the present study, we examined the effect of andrographolide sulfonate, a water-soluble form of andrographolide (trade name: Xi-Yan-Ping Injection), on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI and inflammation. Andrographolide sulfonate was administered by intraperitoneal injection to mice with LPS-induced ALI. LPS-induced airway inflammatory cell recruitment and lung histological alterations were significantly ameliorated by andrographolide sulfonate. Protein levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and serum were reduced by andrographolide sulfonate administration. mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in lung tissue were also suppressed VSports手机版. Moreover, andrographolide sulfonate markedly suppressed the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) as well as p65 subunit of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). In summary, these results suggest that andrographolide sulfonate ameliorated LPS-induced ALI in mice by inhibiting NF-κB and MAPK-mediated inflammatory responses. Our study shows that water-soluble andrographolide sulfonate may represent a new therapeutic approach for treating inflammatory lung disorders. .

Keywords: ALI, acute lung injury; ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome; Andrographolide sulfonate; BALF, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid; DSS, dextran sulfate sodium; H&E, hematoxylin & eosin; HRP, horseradish peroxidase; IL-6, interleukin-6; JNK, c-Jun N-terminal kinase; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; Lipopolysaccharide; Lung injury; MAPK; MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase; Mouse; NF-κB; NF-κB, nuclear factor-κB; TNBS, trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid; TNF, tumor necrosis factor V体育安卓版. .

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Fig. 1
Figure 1
Andrographolide sulfonate treatment ameliorated LPS-induced acute lung injury in mice. Mice were given by andrographolide sulfonate by intraperitoneal injection (2.5, 5 and 10 mg/kg) for days 0–2. After LPS inhalation on day 2, lung tissue was fixed in 4% formalin and subjected to H&E staining. Values are shown as mean±SEM of 8 mice. *P<0.05, **P<0.01 vs. mice treated with LPS alone. Andro-S: andrographolide sulfonate.
Fig. 2
Figure 2
Andrographolide sulfonate treatment prevented LPS-induced recruitment of inflammatory cells in lung tissue. BALF from each group was collected and the cells present in BALF were counted (A). Cells were stained with antibodies to CD3-FITC (B), CD11b-PE (C) and CD11c-APC (D) and analyzed by FACS. Values are shown as the mean±SD of 8 mice. ⁎P<0.05, ⁎⁎P<0.01 vs. mice treated with LPS group. Andro-S: andrographolide sulfonate.
Fig. 3
Figure 3
Andrographolide sulfonate treatment suppressed LPS-induced cytokine secretion. Cytokine levels in BALF supernatant (A) and serum (B) from each group were determined by ELISA. Values are shown as the mean±SD of 8 mice. ⁎P<0.05, ⁎⁎P<0.01 vs. mice treated with LPS group. Andro-S: andrographolide sulfonate.
Fig. 4
Figure 4
Andrographolide sulfonate suppressed mRNA levels of inflammatory cytokines in lung of mice with LPS-induced ALI. RNA of lung tissue was extracted. The mRNA expression of Il-6, Tnf-α, Il-1β, Il-4, Il-5, Il-17a was examined by real-time PCR.Values were shown as the mean±SEM of 6 mice. ⁎P<0.05, ⁎⁎P<0.01 vs. mice treated with LPS alone. Andro-S: andrographolide sulfonate.
Fig. 5
Figure 5
Andrographolide sulfonate decreased activation of MAPK and NF-κB in the lungs of mice with LPS-induced ALI. (A) Paraffin-embedded lung tissue sections from vehicle- and andrographolide sulfonate-treated groups were stained for p-p65. Original magnification, 100×; (B) lung tissue protein was extracted from the treated mice and protein levels of p-p38, p-ERK, p-JNK and p-p65 were examined by western blot. Andro-S: andrographolide sulfonate.
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