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Review
. 2013 Mar 1;11(3):623-42.
doi: 10.3390/md11030623.

Glycosylation of conotoxins (V体育ios版)

Gerrit J Gerwig  1 , Henry G Hocking, Reto Stöcklin, Johannis P Kamerling, Rolf Boelens
Affiliations
Review

V体育官网 - Glycosylation of conotoxins

Gerrit J Gerwig et al. Mar Drugs. .

Abstract (VSports注册入口)

Conotoxins are small peptides present in the venom of cone snails. The snail uses this venom to paralyze and capture prey. The constituent conopeptides display a high level of chemical diversity and are of particular interest for scientists as tools employed in neurological studies and for drug development, because they target with exquisite specificity membrane receptors, transporters, and various ion channels in the nervous system VSports手机版. However, these peptides are known to contain a high frequency and variability of post-translational modifications-including sometimes O-glycosylation-which are of importance for biological activity. The potential application of specific conotoxins as neuropharmalogical agents and chemical probes requires a full characterization of the relevant peptides, including the structure of the carbohydrate part. In this review, the currently existing knowledge of O-glycosylation of conotoxins is described. .

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Shells of Conus snail species, which are discussed in this review. (Photographs ©2012 Guido and Philippe Poppe [1]).
Scheme 1
Scheme 1
Structure of β-D-Galp-(1→3)-α-D-GalpNAc-(1→O)-L-Thr.
Scheme 2
Scheme 2
Structures of β-D-Galp-(1→3)-β-D-GalpNAc-(1→O)-L-Thr, α-D-Galp-(1→3)-α-D-GalpNAc-(1→O)-L-Thr and β-D-Galp-(1→6)-α-D-GalpNAc-(1→O)-L-Thr.
Scheme 3
Scheme 3
Structure of α-L-Galp-(1→4)-α-D-GlcpNAc-(1→6)-[α-L-Galp-(1→2)-β-D-Galp-(1→3)-]α-D-GalpNAc-(1→O)-L-Ser.
Figure 2
Figure 2
3D structure of CcTx (PDB: 4B1Q).The O-linked carbohydrate moieties shown in blue and disulfide bonds in yellow.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Conchology Inc. [(accessed on 5 December 2012)]. Available online: VSports app下载 - http://www.conchology.be.
    1. CONCO, the Cone Snail Genome Project for Health. [(accessed on 5 December 2012)]. Available online: http://www.conco.eu/
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