Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns in Inflammatory Diseases

Expression and Function of Host Defense Peptides at Inflammation Sites

Prasad1, Fiedoruk2, Daniluk3 et al. 2019IJMS1011740Get access via publisherAdd to dashboardCite Exaggerated anticipatory anxiety is common in social anxiety disorder (SAD) VSports app下载. Neuroimaging studies have revealed altered neural activity in response to social stimuli in SAD, but fewer studies have examined neural activity during anticipation of feared social stimuli in SAD. The current study examined the time course and magnitude of activity in threat processing brain regions during speech anticipation in socially anxious individuals and healthy controls (HC). Method Participants (SAD n = 58; HC n = 16) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during which they completed a 90s control anticipation task and 90s speech anticipation task. Show abstract Exaggerated anticipatory anxiety is common in social anxiety disorder (SAD). Neuroimaging studies have revealed altered neural activity in response to social stimuli in SAD, but fewer studies have examined neural activity during anticipation of feared social stimuli in SAD. The current study examined the time course and magnitude of activity in threat processing brain regions during speech anticipation in socially anxious individuals and healthy controls (HC). Method Participants (SAD n = 58; HC n = 16) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during which they completed a 90s control anticipation task and 90s speech anticipation task. show abstract“…Therefore, the term host defense peptides (HDPs) was coined to encompass their pleiotropic nature, and association with both infectious as well as non-infectious inflammatory responses [12], although these two terms are used interchangeably. In the latter context, HDPs fit into the definition of "alarmins" or "danger signals", i. e. , various endogenous molecules collectively known as DAMPs (damage associated molecular patterns), which are released from damaged or dying cells and initiate a diverse range of physiological and pathophysiological functions [13][14][15]. At present, HDPs are perceived as multifunctional agents that coordinate diverse immune surveillance functions necessary to maintain homeostasis ( Figure 1) [16]. …”Section: Introductionmentioningconfidence: 99%

Expression and Function of Host Defense Peptides at Inflammation Sites

Prasad1, Fiedoruk2, Daniluk3 et al. 2019IJMS1011740Get access via publisherAdd to dashboardCite Exaggerated anticipatory anxiety is common in social anxiety disorder (SAD). Neuroimaging studies have revealed altered neural activity in response to social stimuli in SAD, but fewer studies have examined neural activity during anticipation of feared social stimuli in SAD. The current study examined the time course and magnitude of activity in threat processing brain regions during speech anticipation in socially anxious individuals and healthy controls (HC). Method Participants (SAD n = 58; HC n = 16) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during which they completed a 90s control anticipation task and 90s speech anticipation task. Show abstract Exaggerated anticipatory anxiety is common in social anxiety disorder (SAD). Neuroimaging studies have revealed altered neural activity in response to social stimuli in SAD, but fewer studies have examined neural activity during anticipation of feared social stimuli in SAD. The current study examined the time course and magnitude of activity in threat processing brain regions during speech anticipation in socially anxious individuals and healthy controls (HC). Method Participants (SAD n = 58; HC n = 16) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during which they completed a 90s control anticipation task and 90s speech anticipation task. show abstract“…Accordingly, there is concentration of stress during dynamic functioning of large muscles. Given the modern understanding of how tissue injury and microdamage are capable of activating a wide array of pattern recognition receptors, then resident immunocytes at such points of high stress would run a high risk of activation . How is the potential for such locally concentrated firepower tamed to avoid what we would term “an immunological blitzkrieg” at the enthesis. …”Section: The Enthesismentioningconfidence: 99%“…Given the modern understanding of how tissue injury and microdamage are capable of activating a wide array of pattern recognition receptors, then resident immunocytes at such points of high stress would run a high risk of activation. 20,21 How is the potential for such locally concentrated firepower tamed to avoid what we would term "an immunological blitzkrieg" at the enthesis. The aforementioned fibrocartilage, analogous to articular cartilage, is completely avascular and in effect creates a "demilitarized immune buffer zone" at the sites of highest stress. …”Section: What Is An Enthesis. mentioningconfidence: 99%

Interleukin‐23 pathway at the enthesis: The emerging story of enthesitis in spondyloarthropathy

Bridgewood1, Sharif2, Sherlock3 et al. 2020Immunological Reviews960740Get access via publisherAdd to dashboardCite Exaggerated anticipatory anxiety is common in social anxiety disorder (SAD). Neuroimaging studies have revealed altered neural activity in response to social stimuli in SAD, but fewer studies have examined neural activity during anticipation of feared social stimuli in SAD. The current study examined the time course and magnitude of activity in threat processing brain regions during speech anticipation in socially anxious individuals and healthy controls (HC). Method Participants (SAD n = 58; HC n = 16) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during which they completed a 90s control anticipation task and 90s speech anticipation task. Show abstract Exaggerated anticipatory anxiety is common in social anxiety disorder (SAD). Neuroimaging studies have revealed altered neural activity in response to social stimuli in SAD, but fewer studies have examined neural activity during anticipation of feared social stimuli in SAD. The current study examined the time course and magnitude of activity in threat processing brain regions during speech anticipation in socially anxious individuals and healthy controls (HC). Method Participants (SAD n = 58; HC n = 16) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during which they completed a 90s control anticipation task and 90s speech anticipation task. show abstract“…Healthy neurons secrete factors such as TREM2 and fractalkine, and these signal by activating receptors present on microglia, maintaining the surveillance state of microglia. Following a brain insult, microglia are exposed to factors released due to cellular injury that may include nuclear or cytosolic proteins such as HMGB1, ATP, and heat shock proteins, or may include proteins released due to damaged extracellular matrix . In turn, microglia then attain an activated morphological state with retraction and hyperatrophied cellular processes, and release neuroinflammatory cytokines with the aim of clearing cellular debris after brain injury . …”Section: Neuroinflammationmentioningconfidence: 99%“…Following a brain insult, microglia are exposed to factors released due to cellular injury that may include nuclear or cytosolic proteins such as HMGB1, ATP, and heat shock proteins, or may include proteins released due to damaged extracellular matrix. 19 In turn, microglia then attain an activated morphological state with retraction and hyperatrophied cellular processes, and release neuroinflammatory cytokines with the aim of clearing cellular debris after brain injury. 20 The released cytokines and chemokines promote mobilization of additional immune cells to the site of injury, leading to their proliferation and activation. …”Section: Key Pointsmentioningconfidence: 99%

Microglial polarization in posttraumatic epilepsy: Potential mechanism and treatment opportunity

Therajaran1, Hamilton2, O’Brien3 et al. 2020Epilepsia450260Get access via publisherAdd to dashboardCite Exaggerated anticipatory anxiety is common in social anxiety disorder (SAD). Neuroimaging studies have revealed altered neural activity in response to social stimuli in SAD, but fewer studies have examined neural activity during anticipation of feared social stimuli in SAD. The current study examined the time course and magnitude of activity in threat processing brain regions during speech anticipation in socially anxious individuals and healthy controls (HC). Method Participants (SAD n = 58; HC n = 16) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during which they completed a 90s control anticipation task and 90s speech anticipation task. Show abstract Exaggerated anticipatory anxiety is common in social anxiety disorder (SAD). Neuroimaging studies have revealed altered neural activity in response to social stimuli in SAD, but fewer studies have examined neural activity during anticipation of feared social stimuli in SAD. The current study examined the time course and magnitude of activity in threat processing brain regions during speech anticipation in socially anxious individuals and healthy controls (HC). Method Participants (SAD n = 58; HC n = 16) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during which they completed a 90s control anticipation task and 90s speech anticipation task. show abstractScite is an AI-powered research tool that helps researchers better discover and evaluate scientific literature through Smart Citations—a revolutionary system that shows whether articles support, contrast, or simply mention a given claim. Founded in 2018, and now part of Research Solutions, Scite has indexed over 1. 3 billion citations and partnered with more than 30 major publishers to provide researchers with unparalleled access to scientific literature. With its Scite Assistant, Smart Citation Index, and advanced search capabilities, the platform addresses critical challenges such as information overload and research reproducibility. Trusted by two million active users worldwide, Scite is reshaping how researchers interact with scholarly content—building ethical, transparent AI tools that support rigorous, copyright-compliant research.