Fingolimod may support neuroprotection via blockade of astrocyte nitric oxide

Regulation of human glia by multiple sclerosis disease modifying therapies (V体育ios版)

Healy1, Michell‐Robinson2, Antel3 2015Semin Immunopathol11050Get access via publisherAdd to dashboardCite Exaggerated anticipatory anxiety is common in social anxiety disorder (SAD). Neuroimaging studies have revealed altered neural activity in response to social stimuli in SAD, but fewer studies have examined neural activity during anticipation of feared social stimuli in SAD. The current study examined the time course and magnitude of activity in threat processing brain regions during speech anticipation in socially anxious individuals and healthy controls (HC). Method Participants (SAD n = 58; HC n = 16) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during which they completed a 90s control anticipation task and 90s speech anticipation task. Show abstract Exaggerated anticipatory anxiety is common in social anxiety disorder (SAD). Neuroimaging studies have revealed altered neural activity in response to social stimuli in SAD, but fewer studies have examined neural activity during anticipation of feared social stimuli in SAD. The current study examined the time course and magnitude of activity in threat processing brain regions during speech anticipation in socially anxious individuals and healthy controls (HC) VSports. Method Participants (SAD n = 58; HC n = 16) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during which they completed a 90s control anticipation task and 90s speech anticipation task. show abstract“…Our studies and those of Mullerhausen et al show that both can be ongoing simultaneously i. e. , FTY720 continues to induce signaling via internalized receptors while blocking signaling mediated by S1P [36,37]. With regard to active signaling, in vitro studies with astrocytes show that FTY720 can inhibit calcium release induced by the pro-inflammatory mediator IL1β; this results in reduction of subsequent nitric oxide (NO) production and up-regulation of glutamate transporter expression [55,56]. Microarray analyses indicate that FTY720 may also enhance expression of calcium regulating proteins in astrocytes [40]. …”Section: Gasupportingconfidence: 54%

Regulation of human glia by multiple sclerosis disease modifying therapies

Healy1, Michell‐Robinson2, Antel3 2015Semin Immunopathol11050Get access via publisherAdd to dashboardCite Exaggerated anticipatory anxiety is common in social anxiety disorder (SAD). Neuroimaging studies have revealed altered neural activity in response to social stimuli in SAD, but fewer studies have examined neural activity during anticipation of feared social stimuli in SAD. The current study examined the time course and magnitude of activity in threat processing brain regions during speech anticipation in socially anxious individuals and healthy controls (HC). Method Participants (SAD n = 58; HC n = 16) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during which they completed a 90s control anticipation task and 90s speech anticipation task. Show abstract Exaggerated anticipatory anxiety is common in social anxiety disorder (SAD). Neuroimaging studies have revealed altered neural activity in response to social stimuli in SAD, but fewer studies have examined neural activity during anticipation of feared social stimuli in SAD. The current study examined the time course and magnitude of activity in threat processing brain regions during speech anticipation in socially anxious individuals and healthy controls (HC). Method Participants (SAD n = 58; HC n = 16) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during which they completed a 90s control anticipation task and 90s speech anticipation task. show abstract“…Phosphorylated FTY720, however, crosses the BBB and acts on CNS-resident cells, including astrocytes (22,24,26). The effects of FTY720 in astrocytes, neurons, and oligodendrocytes have been previously documented in vitro (26,27,55,56). …”Section: Discussionmentioningconfidence: 99%“…FTY720 has also been shown to modulate proinflammatory pathways in B and T cells (19)(20)(21)(22). In addition to these effects of FTY720 on the peripheral immune system, phosphorylated FTY720 crosses the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and is thus capable of interacting with CNS-resident cell populations (19,22,23). In vitro observations suggest direct effects of FTY720 on astrocyte biology, neurodegeneration, and remyelination, which impact mechanisms of disease pathogenesis relevant for the progressive stages of MS (20,(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28). Indeed, animal studies using acute models of RRMS suggest that FTY720 modulates the activity of CNS-resident cell populations (28-31). …”mentioningconfidence: 99%“…In vitro observations suggest direct effects of FTY720 on astrocyte biology, neurodegeneration, and remyelination, which impact mechanisms of disease pathogenesis relevant for the progressive stages of MS (20,(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28). Indeed, animal studies using acute models of RRMS suggest that FTY720 modulates the activity of CNS-resident cell populations (28)(29)(30)(31). …”mentioningconfidence: 99%See 1 more Smart Citation

Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor modulation suppresses pathogenic astrocyte activation and chronic progressive CNS inflammation

Rothhammer1, Kenison2, Tjon3 et al. 2017Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 18341611Get access via publisherAdd to dashboardCite Exaggerated anticipatory anxiety is common in social anxiety disorder (SAD). Neuroimaging studies have revealed altered neural activity in response to social stimuli in SAD, but fewer studies have examined neural activity during anticipation of feared social stimuli in SAD. The current study examined the time course and magnitude of activity in threat processing brain regions during speech anticipation in socially anxious individuals and healthy controls (HC). Method Participants (SAD n = 58; HC n = 16) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during which they completed a 90s control anticipation task and 90s speech anticipation task. Show abstract Exaggerated anticipatory anxiety is common in social anxiety disorder (SAD). Neuroimaging studies have revealed altered neural activity in response to social stimuli in SAD, but fewer studies have examined neural activity during anticipation of feared social stimuli in SAD. The current study examined the time course and magnitude of activity in threat processing brain regions during speech anticipation in socially anxious individuals and healthy controls (HC). Method Participants (SAD n = 58; HC n = 16) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during which they completed a 90s control anticipation task and 90s speech anticipation task. show abstract“…Neuroprotection, or the preservation of neuronal structures and its function, can be achieved by an indirect mechanism (due to the reduction of central nervous system damage) or to a direct mechanism (by increasing tissue resistance to critical damage or by promoting tissue repair). We could speculate that some of the drugs that have demonstrated a greater impact on BV loss, such as fingolimod, laquinimod or alemtuzumab have also been shown to have a direct neuroprotective effect, either by promoting secretion of neurotrophic factors [55][56][57], blocking the production of nitric oxide [58] or promoting myelin repair [59]. Some of these drugs, such as fingolimod and laquinimod, may have the capacity of crossing the blood-brain barrier and may exert part of their potential neuroprotective effect directly into the central nervous system [60][61][62]; in any case, penetration in the CNS does not ensure the existence of a neuroprotective effect and, on the contrary, neuroprotection could also be exerted through mechanisms initiated in the periphery [63]. …”Section: Discussionmentioningconfidence: 99%

V体育平台登录 - Treating relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis: therapy effects on brain atrophy

Vidal‐Jordana1, Sastre‐Garriga2, Rovira3 et al. 2015J Neurol351330Get access via publisherAdd to dashboardCite Exaggerated anticipatory anxiety is common in social anxiety disorder (SAD). Neuroimaging studies have revealed altered neural activity in response to social stimuli in SAD, but fewer studies have examined neural activity during anticipation of feared social stimuli in SAD. The current study examined the time course and magnitude of activity in threat processing brain regions during speech anticipation in socially anxious individuals and healthy controls (HC). Method Participants (SAD n = 58; HC n = 16) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during which they completed a 90s control anticipation task and 90s speech anticipation task. Show abstract Exaggerated anticipatory anxiety is common in social anxiety disorder (SAD). Neuroimaging studies have revealed altered neural activity in response to social stimuli in SAD, but fewer studies have examined neural activity during anticipation of feared social stimuli in SAD. The current study examined the time course and magnitude of activity in threat processing brain regions during speech anticipation in socially anxious individuals and healthy controls (HC). Method Participants (SAD n = 58; HC n = 16) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during which they completed a 90s control anticipation task and 90s speech anticipation task. show abstractScite is an AI-powered research tool that helps researchers better discover and evaluate scientific literature through Smart Citations—a revolutionary system that shows whether articles support, contrast, or simply mention a given claim. Founded in 2018, and now part of Research Solutions, Scite has indexed over 1. 3 billion citations and partnered with more than 30 major publishers to provide researchers with unparalleled access to scientific literature. With its Scite Assistant, Smart Citation Index, and advanced search capabilities, the platform addresses critical challenges such as information overload and research reproducibility. Trusted by two million active users worldwide, Scite is reshaping how researchers interact with scholarly content—building ethical, transparent AI tools that support rigorous, copyright-compliant research.