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Review
. 2022 Sep 2:13:979116.
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.979116. eCollection 2022.

V体育官网 - Tumor accomplice: T cell exhaustion induced by chronic inflammation

Liguang Fang  1 , Kunjing Liu  1 , Cun Liu  2 , Xiaomin Wang  3 , Wenzhe Ma  4 , Wenhua Xu  3 , Jibiao Wu  5 , Changgang Sun  6   2
Affiliations
Review

V体育ios版 - Tumor accomplice: T cell exhaustion induced by chronic inflammation

Liguang Fang et al. Front Immunol. .

Abstract (VSports手机版)

The development and response to treatment of tumor are modulated by inflammation, and chronic inflammation promotes tumor progression and therapy resistance. This article summarizes the dynamic evolution of inflammation from acute to chronic in the process of tumor development, and its effect on T cells from activation to the promotion of exhaustion VSports手机版. We review the mechanisms by which inflammatory cells and inflammatory cytokines regulate T cell exhaustion and methods for targeting chronic inflammation to improve the efficacy of immunotherapy. It is great significance to refer to the specific state of inflammation and T cells at different stages of tumor development for accurate clinical decision-making of immunotherapy and improving the efficiency of tumor immunotherapy. .

Keywords: T cell exhaustion; chronic inflammation; immunotherapy; tumor immune escape; tumor microenvironment. V体育安卓版.

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Conflict of interest statement (VSports)

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest VSports最新版本. The reviewer QW declared a shared affiliation with the author WM at the time of review.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Chronic inflammation of different sources accompanies the whole process of tumor development: in precancerous lesions, chronic local irritation, and chronic inflammation caused by systemic metabolic diseases not only activate the NF-κB pathway, but also induce gene mutations that lead to tissue malignant transformation. At the same time, it can inhibit the immune monitoring and make the tumor cells escape. Tumor treatment could result in the necrosis of tumor cells. Necrosis of the tumor cells chemotactic inflammatory cell aggregation, suppression of immunity; At the same time, a large number of cytokines are released to generate factor storms leading to the aggregation and recurrence of tumor cells. Chronic inflammation and epithelial-mesenchymal transformation promote each other and form a vicious cycle, which is conducive to distant metastasis of tumors. Inflammatory factors are closely related to the production of tumor cachexia.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Every coin has two sides, and inflammation is no exception. In the tumor microenvironment, the role of inflammatory cells and inflammatory factors on T cells is not static. The different mechanisms between inflammatory factors for promoting T cell activation or exhaustion are important issues to be considered in future studies.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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