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. 2021 Mar 31;69(12):3617-3625.
doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c06279. Epub 2021 Mar 16.

Xylooligosaccharides Increase Bifidobacteria and Lachnospiraceae in Mice on a High-Fat Diet, with a Concomitant Increase in Short-Chain Fatty Acids, Especially Butyric Acid

Karin Berger  1 , Stephen Burleigh  2 , Maria Lindahl  1 , Abhishek Bhattacharya  3 , Prachiti Patil  2 , Henrik Stålbrand  3 , Eva Nordberg Karlsson  4 , Frida Hållenius  2 , Margareta Nyman  2 , Patrick Adlercreutz  4
Affiliations

Xylooligosaccharides Increase Bifidobacteria and Lachnospiraceae in Mice on a High-Fat Diet, with a Concomitant Increase in Short-Chain Fatty Acids, Especially Butyric Acid

Karin Berger (VSports最新版本) et al. J Agric Food Chem. .

Abstract

Effects of xylooligosaccharides (XOSs) as well as a mixture of XOS, inulin, oligofructose, and partially hydrolyzed guar gum (MIX) in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) were studied. Control groups were fed an HFD or a low-fat diet. Special attention was paid to the cecal composition of the gut microbiota and formation of short-chain fatty acids, but metabolic parameters were also documented. The XOS group had significantly higher cecum levels of acetic, propionic, and butyric acids than the HFD group, and the butyric acid content was higher in the XOS than in the MIX group VSports手机版. The cecum microbiota of the XOS group contained more Bifidobacteria, Lachnospiraceae, and S24-7 bacteria than the HFD group. A tendency of lower body weight gain was observed on comparing the XOS and HFD groups. In conclusion, the XOS was shown to be a promising prebiotic candidate. The fiber diversity in the MIX diet did not provide any advantages compared to the XOS diet. .

Keywords: Bifidobacteria; Lachnospiraceae, S24-7; butyrate; high-fat diet; prebiotics; short-chain fatty acids; xylooligosaccharides. V体育安卓版.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing financial interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Weekly body weight registration. Mean ± SD. Statistical comparisons of body weight compared to the control were made using a two-way ANOVA with the Bonferroni post-test.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Unique OTUs by treatment and Bifidobacterium species by treatment. A: Total unique OTUs by treatment. Error bars represent standard deviation. Bars with different lowercase letters are statistically different from each other (p < 0.05). B: Bifidobacterium species by treatment as determined by NCBI blasting a subset of reads from each treatment (n = 100) that had been mapped to the genus Bifidobacterium as determined by the standard Qiime pipeline.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Metaphlan heat maps of families (left) and genera where possible (right) in each of the four treatments. Color based on the relative abundance scale at the top. The phylogenetic tree at the top separated the four treatments into two groups, a MIX + XOS group and an HFD + LFD group.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Multivariate analysis of the four treatments, nine SCFA biomarkers, and the cecal bacteria associated with each of the samples (n = 45). Calculated as a partial-least-squares (PLS) loading scatter plot colored according to variable ID and plotted without the observation variables visible. Plotted using Simca (v. 15.0.2, Umetrics Sweden). SCFA colored purple. The explained variance from SIMCA was reported as R2X[1] = 0.23, R2X[2] = 0.11.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Abundance of the genus Bifidobacterium (A), the family S24-7 (Muribaculaceae) (B), and the family Lachnospiraceae (C) in the four treatments. The barchart presents the average of normally distributed data, while the boxplots present the median of non-normal data. Error bars represent the standard deviation. Bars with different lowercase letters are statistically different from each other (p < 0.05).
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