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. 2021 Jan 4;12(1):65.
doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-20240-x.

"VSports最新版本" Longitudinal dynamics of gut bacteriome, mycobiome and virome after fecal microbiota transplantation in graft-versus-host disease

Fen Zhang  1   2 , Tao Zuo  1   2 , Yun Kit Yeoh  1   3 , Frankie W T Cheng  4 , Qin Liu  2 , Whitney Tang  2 , Kitty C Y Cheung  2 , Keli Yang  2 , Chun Pan Cheung  2 , Chow Chung Mo  4 , Mamie Hui  1   3 , Francis K L Chan  1   2 , Chi-Kong Li  4 , Paul K S Chan  5   6 , Siew C Ng  7   8
Affiliations

Longitudinal dynamics of gut bacteriome, mycobiome and virome after fecal microbiota transplantation in graft-versus-host disease (VSports app下载)

VSports手机版 - Fen Zhang et al. Nat Commun. .

"VSports app下载" Abstract

Fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) has emerged as a potential treatment for severe colitis associated with graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) following hematopoietic stem cell transplant VSports手机版. Bacterial engraftment from FMT donor to recipient has been reported, however the fate of fungi and viruses after FMT remains unclear. Here we report longitudinal dynamics of the gut bacteriome, mycobiome and virome in a teenager with GvHD after receiving four doses of FMT at weekly interval. After serial FMTs, the gut bacteriome, mycobiome and virome of the patient differ from compositions before FMT with variable temporal dynamics. Diversity of the gut bacterial community increases after each FMT. Gut fungal community initially shows expansion of several species followed by a decrease in diversity after multiple FMTs. In contrast, gut virome community varies substantially over time with a stable rise in diversity. The bacterium, Corynebacterium jeikeium, and Torque teno viruses, decrease after FMTs in parallel with an increase in the relative abundance of Caudovirales bacteriophages. Collectively, FMT may simultaneously impact on the various components of the gut microbiome with distinct effects. .

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1. Study schematic and clinical outcome.
a GvHD patient received four FMTs. The first three (FMT1, FMT2, FMT3) were performed using stool from a single donor, D8 and the fourth (FMT4) from a different donor D4. a Timeline of HSCT, GvHD onset, FMT treatment, stool collection and sequencing strategy. b Number of bowel openings and stool volume of the patient before and after FMT. Red arrows represent fecal transplant using donor D8, black arrow represents fecal transplant using donor D4. One biological sample was examined over one experiment.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2. Changes in gut bacterial community composition in GvHD patient after FMTs.
a Richness, Shannon and Simpson diversity of bacterial communities in donor stools and the patient before and after FMTs. b Principal coordinate analysis (PCOA) of bacterial community composition in the patient following FMT based on Bray-Curtis dissimilarities. c Heat map summarizing fecal bacterial community composition in donor stools and the patient. Increasing relative abundances are representing by lighter colors (black to yellow). Taxonomic labels on left of figure indicate phylum assignments (class-level for Proteobacteria), labels on right indicate genus. Pre-FMT represents stool sample collected before the first FMT. FMT1, FMT2, FMT3, and FMT4 represent stool samples collected after the 1st (days 1–5), 2nd (day 6–13), 3rd (day 14–25) and 4th (day 27–120) FMTs respectively. D8-26, D8-27, D8-28, D8-29, D8-34 indicate fecal samples collected from donor D8 on different days, whereas only one fecal sample collected from donor D4 was used in the FMT. FMT1, FMT2, FMT3, FMT4 were performed using D8-26 and D8-27, D8-28 and D8-29, D8-34, D4 respectively. All analyses were based on bacterial profiles from 16 S rRNA gene sequencing data.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3. Changes in bacterial community function in GvHD patient associated with FMTs.
a α-diversity (Shannon and Simpson diversity) plot of gene families and pathways. These values were calculated based on gene and pathway relative abundances. b Principal coordinate analysis of Bray-Curtis dissimilarities based on abundances of functional pathways detected in donor and patient stools. Pre-FMT represents stool sample collected before the first FMT. FMT1, FMT2, FMT3, and FMT4 represent stool samples collected after the 1st (day 1-5), 2nd (day 7-13), 3rd (day 15-25) and 4th (day 27-120) FMTs respectively. c Heat map summarizing changes in patient’s gut microbial community function following FMT. Pathways with higher relative abundances are shaded red, whereas pathways with low relative abundances are shaded blue.
Fig. 4
Fig. 4. Changes in gut fungal community composition in GvHD patient after FMTs.
a Richness, Shannon and Simpson diversity of fungal communities in donor stools and the patient before and after FMTs. b PCoA ordination based on Bray-Curtis dissimilarities of the patient’s gut mycobiota showing progression over time. Dots represent samples labeled according to their respective time-points and are colored to visually group samples according to FMT timeline. c Proportion of fungal taxa derived from donors in total taxa in patient’s stool samples. The proportion was calculated by using the method of fast expectation-maximization microbial source tracking (FEAST). d Species-level proportions of the fecal mycobiota in donors and the patient before and after FMT. The markedly altered species were highlighted in red color. One biological sample was examined over one experiment.
Fig. 5
Fig. 5. Changes in gut viral communities in GvHD patient after FMTs.
a Proportion of viral taxa derived from donors in total taxa in patient’s stool samples. The proportion was calculated by using the method of fast expectation-maximization microbial source tracking (FEAST). One biological sample was examined over one experiment. b Relative abundances of eukaryotic and prokaryotic viruses in the donor and patient fecal samples. One biological sample was examined over one experiment. c Changes in relative abundance of a Torque teno virus in the patient. One biological sample was examined over one experiment. d Richness, Shannon and Simpson diversity of phages in donor and patient stools. e Relative abundances of Microviridae and Caudovirales phages in donor and patient stools. f Heatmap summarizing chronological alterations of 50 most dominant eukaryotic viral species in the patient’s viral community following FMTs at the species level. One biologically independent sample examined over one independent experiment. g Heatmap summarizing chronological alterations of 50 most dominant prokaryotic viral species in the patient’s viral community following FMTs at the species level. The abundance of selected species in a given sample is color-intensified according to the row z-score value, as indicated in the color bar. Blue to red color shades indicate increasing relative abundances.
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