Importance: Previous studies have shown increasing prevalence of diabetes in the United States VSports手机版. New US data are available to estimate prevalence of and trends in diabetes. .

Objective: To estimate the recent prevalence and update US trends in total diabetes, diagnosed diabetes, and undiagnosed diabetes using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data. V体育安卓版.

Design, setting, and participants: Cross-sectional surveys conducted between 1988-1994 and 1999-2012 of nationally representative samples of the civilian, noninstitutionalized US population; 2781 adults from 2011-2012 were used to estimate recent prevalence and an additional 23,634 adults from 1988-2010 were used to estimate trends V体育ios版. .

Main outcomes and measures: The prevalence of diabetes was defined using a previous diagnosis of diabetes or, if diabetes was not previously diagnosed, by (1) a hemoglobin A1c level of 6. 5% or greater or a fasting plasma glucose (FPG) level of 126 mg/dL or greater (hemoglobin A1c or FPG definition) or (2) additionally including 2-hour plasma glucose (2-hour PG) level of 200 mg/dL or greater (hemoglobin A1c, FPG, or 2-hour PG definition). Prediabetes was defined as a hemoglobin A1c level of 5. 7% to 6. 4%, an FPG level of 100 mg/dL to 125 mg/dL, or a 2-hour PG level of 140 mg/dL to 199 mg/dL. VSports最新版本.

Results: In the overall 2011-2012 population, the unadjusted prevalence (using the hemoglobin A1c, FPG, or 2-hour PG definitions for diabetes and prediabetes) was 14. 3% (95% CI, 12. 2%-16. 8%) for total diabetes, 9. 1% (95% CI, 7. 8%-10. 6%) for diagnosed diabetes, 5. 2% (95% CI, 4. 0%-6. 9%) for undiagnosed diabetes, and 38. 0% (95% CI, 34. 7%-41. 3%) for prediabetes; among those with diabetes, 36. 4% (95% CI, 30. 5%-42. 7%) were undiagnosed. The unadjusted prevalence of total diabetes (using the hemoglobin A1c or FPG definition) was 12. 3% (95% CI, 10. 8%-14. 1%); among those with diabetes, 25. 2% (95% CI, 21 V体育平台登录. 1%-29. 8%) were undiagnosed. Compared with non-Hispanic white participants (11. 3% [95% CI, 9. 0%-14. 1%]), the age-standardized prevalence of total diabetes (using the hemoglobin A1c, FPG, or 2-hour PG definition) was higher among non-Hispanic black participants (21. 8% [95% CI, 17. 7%-26. 7%]; P < . 001), non-Hispanic Asian participants (20. 6% [95% CI, 15. 0%-27. 6%]; P = . 007), and Hispanic participants (22. 6% [95% CI, 18. 4%-27. 5%]; P < . 001). The age-standardized percentage of cases that were undiagnosed was higher among non-Hispanic Asian participants (50. 9% [95% CI, 38. 3%-63. 4%]; P = . 004) and Hispanic participants (49. 0% [95% CI, 40. 8%-57. 2%]; P = . 02) than all other racial/ethnic groups. The age-standardized prevalence of total diabetes (using the hemoglobin A1c or FPG definition) increased from 9. 8% (95% CI, 8. 9%-10. 6%) in 1988-1994 to 10. 8% (95% CI, 9. 5%-12. 0%) in 2001-2002 to 12. 4% (95% CI, 10. 8%-14. 2%) in 2011-2012 (P < . 001 for trend) and increased significantly in every age group, in both sexes, in every racial/ethnic group, by all education levels, and in all poverty income ratio tertiles. .

Conclusions and relevance: In 2011-2012, the estimated prevalence of diabetes was 12% to 14% among US adults, depending on the criteria used, with a higher prevalence among participants who were non-Hispanic black, non-Hispanic Asian, and Hispanic. Between 1988-1994 and 2011-2012, the prevalence of diabetes increased in the overall population and in all subgroups evaluated VSports注册入口. .