Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The . gov means it’s official. Federal government websites often end in . gov or . mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site. VSports app下载.

Https

The site is secure V体育官网. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely. .

Review
. 2015 Jun 1;75(11):2139-45.
doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-15-0255.

Classifying Cancers Based on T-cell Infiltration and PD-L1

Michele W L Teng  1 , Shin Foong Ngiow  2 , Antoni Ribas  3 , Mark J Smyth  4
Affiliations
Review

"VSports app下载" Classifying Cancers Based on T-cell Infiltration and PD-L1

Michele W L Teng et al. Cancer Res. .

Abstract

Cancer immunotherapy may become a major treatment backbone in many cancers over the next decade. There are numerous immune cell types found in cancers and many components of an immune reaction to cancer. Thus, the tumor has many strategies to evade an immune response. It has been proposed that four different types of tumor microenvironment exist based on the presence or absence of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression VSports手机版. We review this stratification and the latest in a series of results that shed light on new approaches for rationally designing ideal combination cancer therapies based on tumor immunology. .

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures (VSports手机版)

Figure 1
Figure 1. Types of tumor microenvironment to tailoring cancer immunotherapeutic modules
Cancers have been categorized into 4 different tumor microenvironments based on the presence of TILs and PD-L1 expression (15,16). They are type I (adaptive immune resistance), type II (immunological ignorance), type III (intrinsic induction), and type IV (tolerance). This proposed framework of stratifying tumors is simplistic but allows a platform to discuss the immunotherapeutic strategies best suited to targeting the four different tumor microenvironments. (Abbreviations: APC, antigen presenting cell; MDSC, myeloid derived suppressor cell; M2, M2 macrophage; PD-L1, programmed cell death 1 ligand 1; TCR, T cell receptor; TH1, T helper 1; TIL, tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte)
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Hanahan D, Weinberg RA. Hallmarks of cancer: the next generation. Cell. 2011;144(5):646–74. - PubMed
    1. Vesely MD, Kershaw MH, Schreiber RD, Smyth MJ. Natural innate and adaptive immunity to cancer. Annu Rev Immunol. 2011;29:235–71. - PubMed
    1. Kroemer G, Galluzzi L, Kepp O, Zitvogel L. Immunogenic cell death in cancer therapy. Annu Rev Immunol. 2013;31:51–72. - PubMed
    1. Fridman WH, Pages F, Sautes-Fridman C, Galon J. The immune contexture in human tumours: impact on clinical outcome. Nature Reviews Cancer. 2012 - PubMed
    1. Angell H, Galon J. From the immune contexture to the Immunoscore: the role of prognostic and predictive immune markers in cancer. Current Opinion in Immunology. 2013;25(2):261–7. - PubMed (V体育安卓版)

MeSH terms