Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The . gov means it’s official. Federal government websites often end in . gov or . mil VSports app下载. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site. .

Https

The site is secure. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely. V体育官网.

Meta-Analysis
. 2012 Oct 2:345:e5909.
doi: 10.1136/bmj.e5909.

Indoor tanning and non-melanoma skin cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis (V体育平台登录)

Mackenzie R Wehner  1 , Melissa L Shive, Mary-Margaret Chren, Jiali Han, Abrar A Qureshi, Eleni Linos
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

VSports - Indoor tanning and non-melanoma skin cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis

Mackenzie R Wehner et al. BMJ. .

Abstract

Objective: To synthesise the literature on indoor tanning and non-melanoma skin cancer. VSports手机版.

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis V体育安卓版. .

Data sources: PubMed (1966 to present), Embase (1974 to present), and Web of Science (1898 to present) V体育ios版. .

Study selection: All articles that reported an original effect statistic for indoor tanning and non-melanoma skin cancer were included. Articles that presented no data, such as review articles and editorials, were excluded, as were articles in languages other than English VSports最新版本. .

Data extraction: Two investigators independently extracted data. Random effects meta-analysis was used to summarise the relative risk of ever use versus never use of indoor tanning. Dose-response effects and exposure to indoor tanning during early life were also examined V体育平台登录. The population attributable risk fraction for the United States population was calculated. .

Results: 12 studies with 9328 cases of non-melanoma skin cancer were included. Among people who reported ever using indoor tanning compared with those who never used indoor tanning, the summary relative risk for squamous cell carcinoma was 1. 67 (95% confidence interval 1. 29 to 2. 17) and that for basal cell carcinoma was 1. 29 (1. 08 to 1. 53). No significant heterogeneity existed between studies. The population attributable risk fraction for the United States was estimated to be 8. 2% for squamous cell carcinoma and 3. 7% for basal cell carcinoma. This corresponds to more than 170 000 cases of non-melanoma skin cancer each year attributable to indoor tanning. On the basis of data from three studies, use of indoor tanning before age 25 was more strongly associated with both squamous cell carcinoma (relative risk 2. 02, 0. 70 to 5. 86) and basal cell carcinoma (1. 40, 1. 29 to 1. 52). VSports注册入口.

Conclusions: Indoor tanning is associated with a significantly increased risk of both basal and squamous cell skin cancer. The risk is higher with use in early life (<25 years). This modifiable risk factor may account for hundreds of thousands of cases of non-melanoma skin cancer each year in the United States alone and many more worldwide. These findings contribute to the growing body of evidence on the harms of indoor tanning and support public health campaigns and regulation to reduce exposure to this carcinogen. V体育官网入口.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Competing interests: All authors have completed the Unified Competing Interest form at www. icmje VSports在线直播. org/coi_disclosure. pdf (available on request from the corresponding author) and declare: no support from any organisation for the submitted work; MMC does consultancy for Genentech; no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work.

"VSports" Figures

None
Fig 1 PRISMA flow diagram of literature search and study selection for meta-analysis of indoor tanning and non-melanoma skin cancer. BCC=basal cell carcinoma; NMSC=non-melanoma skin cancer; SCC=squamous cell carcinoma
None
Fig 2 Relative risk of basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma in participants ever exposed to indoor tanning compared with participants never exposed to indoor tanning
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Lomas A, Leonardi-Bee J, Bath-Hextall F. A systematic review of worldwide incidence of nonmelanoma skin cancer. Br J Dermatol 2012;166:1069-80. - "V体育安卓版" PubMed
    1. Rogers HW, Weinstock MA, Harris AR, Hinckley MR, Feldman SR, Fleischer AB, et al. Incidence estimate of nonmelanoma skin cancer in the United States, 2006. Arch Dermatol 2010;146:283-7. - PubMed (VSports注册入口)
    1. Miller DL, Weinstock MA. Nonmelanoma skin cancer in the United States: incidence. J Am Acad Dermatol 1994;30:774-8. - PubMed
    1. Chen JG, Fleischer AB Jr, Smith ED, Kancler C, Goldman ND, Williford PM, et al. Cost of nonmelanoma skin cancer treatment in the United States. Dermatol Surg 2001;27:1035-8. - PubMed (VSports最新版本)
    1. Housman TS, Feldman SR, Williford PM, Fleischer AB Jr, Goldman ND, Acostamadiedo JM, et al. Skin cancer is among the most costly of all cancers to treat for the Medicare population. J Am Acad Dermatol 2003;48:425-9. - PubMed

V体育ios版 - Publication types

MeSH terms