"V体育ios版" Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The . gov means it’s official. Federal government websites often end in . gov or . mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site. VSports app下载.

Https

The site is secure. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely V体育官网. .

. 2012 Jun 1;336(6085):1157-60.
doi: 10.1126/science.1217405. Epub 2012 Apr 26.

Evolutionary trade-offs, Pareto optimality, and the geometry of phenotype space

O Shoval  1 , H Sheftel, G Shinar, Y Hart, O Ramote, A Mayo, E Dekel, K Kavanagh, U Alon
Affiliations

Evolutionary trade-offs, Pareto optimality, and the geometry of phenotype space

O Shoval et al. Science. .

Abstract

Biological systems that perform multiple tasks face a fundamental trade-off: A given phenotype cannot be optimal at all tasks. Here we ask how trade-offs affect the range of phenotypes found in nature. Using the Pareto front concept from economics and engineering, we find that best-trade-off phenotypes are weighted averages of archetypes--phenotypes specialized for single tasks. For two tasks, phenotypes fall on the line connecting the two archetypes, which could explain linear trait correlations, allometric relationships, as well as bacterial gene-expression patterns. For three tasks, phenotypes fall within a triangle in phenotype space, whose vertices are the archetypes, as evident in morphological studies, including on Darwin's finches. Tasks can be inferred from measured phenotypes based on the behavior of organisms nearest the archetypes. VSports手机版.

PubMed Disclaimer

Comment in

Publication types