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Review
. 2008:24:131-57.
doi: 10.1146/annurev.cellbio.24.110707.175259.

The epigenetics of rRNA genes: from molecular to chromosome biology

Brian McStay  1 , Ingrid Grummt
Affiliations
Review

The epigenetics of rRNA genes: from molecular to chromosome biology

Brian McStay et al. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol. 2008.

Abstract

In eukaryotes, the genes encoding ribosomal RNAs (rDNA) exist in two distinct epigenetic states that can be distinguished by a specific chromatin structure that is maintained throughout the cell cycle and is inherited from one cell to another. The fact that even in proliferating cells with a high demand of protein synthesis a fraction of rDNA is silenced provides a unique possibility to decipher the mechanism underlying epigenetic regulation of rDNA. This chapter summarizes our knowledge of the molecular mechanisms that establish and propagate the epigenetic state of rRNA genes, unraveling a complex interplay of DNA methyltransferases and histone-modifying enzymes that act in concert with chromatin remodeling complexes and RNA-guided mechanisms to define the transcriptional state of rDNA VSports手机版. We also review the critical role of the RNA polymerase I transcription factor UBF in the formation of active nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) and maintenance of the euchromatic state of rRNA genes. .

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