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. 2007 Aug;73(15):4751-9.
doi: 10.1128/AEM.02945-06. Epub 2007 Jun 8.

Phylogeography of the thermophilic cyanobacterium Mastigocladus laminosus (V体育ios版)

Scott R Miller  1 , Richard W Castenholz, Deana Pedersen
Affiliations

"V体育官网" Phylogeography of the thermophilic cyanobacterium Mastigocladus laminosus

Scott R Miller et al. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2007 Aug.

Abstract

We have taken a phylogeographic approach to investigate the demographic and evolutionary processes that have shaped the geographic patterns of genetic diversity for a sample of isolates of the cosmopolitan thermophilic cyanobacterial Mastigocladus laminosus morphotype collected from throughout most of its range. Although M VSports手机版. laminosus is found in thermal areas throughout the world, our observation that populations are typically genetically differentiated on local geographic scales suggests the existence of dispersal barriers, a conclusion corroborated by evidence for genetic isolation by distance. Genealogies inferred using nitrogen metabolism gene sequence data suggest that a significant amount of the extant global diversity of M. laminosus can be traced back to a common ancestor associated with the western North American hot spot currently located below Yellowstone National Park. Estimated intragenic recombination rates are comparable to those of pathogenic bacteria known for their capacity to exchange DNA, indicating that genetic exchange has played an important role in generating novel variation during M. laminosus diversification. Selection has constrained protein changes at loci involved in the assimilation of both dinitrogen and nitrate, suggesting the historic use of both nitrogen sources in this heterocystous cyanobacterium. Lineage-specific differences in thermal performance were also observed. .

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Figures

FIG. 1.
FIG. 1.
Maximum likelihood phylogeny of 37 isolates of M. laminosus reconstructed from 839 nucleotides of the 16S rRNA gene, rooted with outgroup Chroococcidiopsis strain PCC7203 (not shown). Bootstrap support at the root node for the monophyly of M. laminosus was 96% for the likelihood analysis and 100% for neighbor-joining and parsimony analyses, based on 1,000, 10,000, and 10,000 pseudoreplicates, respectively. Lineage symbols are retained in Fig. 4. sub, substitution.
FIG. 2.
FIG. 2.
MFold-inferred secondary structural models for the distal end of the V1-encoded ribosomal spur (E. coli positions 68 to 101) for group 2 (A) and group 7 (B) M. laminosus.
FIG. 3.
FIG. 3.
Relationship between genetic differentiation and geographic distance for group 1 M. laminosus strains.
FIG. 4.
FIG. 4.
Minimum spanning gene networks for nifH (A), devH (B), and narB (C). Note that branch lengths are not to scale in units of nucleotide substitutions per site, but that, where noted, hash marks indicate the number of nucleotide differences among alleles. Bootstrap values greater than 50% (based on 1,000 pseudoreplicates) for a maximum likelihood phylogeny are indicated at bifurcating nodes. The root of each network was also inferred with maximum likelihood and is indicated by an asterisk. Haplotype symbols refer to 16S rRNA groups identified in Fig. 1.
FIG. 5.
FIG. 5.
Temperature dependence of the exponential growth rate (mean ± standard error) for strains of M. laminosus representing different 16S rRNA groups: group 1 strains CCMEE 5186 and W25B (open circles); group 2 strains CCMEE 5201 and CCMEE 5202 (closed triangles); group 3 strains CCMEE 5321 and CCMEE 5323 (closed diamonds); group 4 strains CCMEE 5192 and CCMEE 5204 (closed circles); group 5 strain CCMEE 5268 (open squares); group 6 strains CCMEE 5318 and CCMEE 5267 (open diamonds); and group 7 strains CCMEE 5329 and CCMEE 5331 (open triangles).
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References

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