The morning-after pill is a type of birth control that can be used in emergency situations when typical birth control wasn’t used or failed, and in cases of nonconsensual sexual intercourse (rape). This pill is most effective at preventing pregnancy when it’s taken as quickly after unprotected sex as possible. Brand names include Plan B One-Step® and ella®.
You don’t need to wait until the next morning to take the morning-after pill. Emergency contraception pills are most effective at preventing pregnancy when they’re taken as quickly as possible after unprotected sexual intercourse. The amount of time you have can vary between different medications.
Emergency contraception is safe and effective. It won’t harm your chances of getting pregnant in the future or impact your fertility.
There are side effects, though. Some symptoms of taking a morning-after pill can include:
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The side effects of the morning-after pill are mild for most people. But if you notice more severe symptoms or have concerns after taking the morning-after pill, reach out to your healthcare provider.
The most common reason for failure is timing. It’s always best to take emergency contraception as soon as possible. Other possible reasons for failure include:
There’s research that suggests that your weight can impact how effective the levonorgestrel morning-after pill will be for you. People with a higher body mass index (BMI) may not experience the same level of effectiveness. Pills containing ulipristal seem to work the same regardless of having a higher BMI.
You might experience light bleeding — called spotting — after taking emergency contraception. Even though this doesn’t happen to everyone who takes the morning-after pill, it isn’t something that should worry you. If you notice that the bleeding is heavier or happens after you’ve missed a period, reach out to your healthcare provider.
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The morning-after pill can cause your next period to be irregular. If your period is late or abnormal, contact your healthcare provider and consider taking a home pregnancy test. Your provider will advise you on your next steps if your menstrual cycle doesn’t return to normal.
If you take the morning-after pill in the immediate time window after having unprotected sex, it can be very effective. One of the main signs that a morning-after pill hasn’t worked is a missed menstrual period. If your period is more than seven days (a week) later than you expected, take a pregnancy test.
In most cases, you won’t need to see your healthcare provider after taking the morning-after pill. But if you haven’t gotten your period within a week of when you expect it, talk to your healthcare provider. A missed period is one of the early signs of pregnancy. You should also contact your provider if you have severe abdominal pain or heavy vaginal bleeding. These could be signs of a miscarriage or ectopic pregnancy.
The morning-after pill isn’t meant to be your primary form of birth control. Reach out to your provider about finding a birth control option that works best for you.
The morning-after pill was made to be taken after unprotected sex. It’s not effective if you take it before you have unprotected sex.
If you’re considering the morning-after pill, the most important thing you need to know is, timing is everything. Morning-after pills are most effective when you take them immediately after unprotected sex (you don’t have to wait until the next morning).
There are lots of morning-after pills you can buy at your local drug store and each one has its own instruction label. Over-the-counter versions from your drug store are effective for up to three days after unprotected sex. The prescription-only morning-after pill is good for up to five days after unprotected sex. Both are most effective within 24 hours.
The morning-after pill doesn’t end a pregnancy; it prevents pregnancy from happening. But it shouldn’t be your primary form of birth control. If you have any questions about emergency contraception or birth control, talk to your healthcare provider.
Your birth control needs to work for you. At Cleveland Clinic, we help you find the right birth control option to fit your goals and lifestyle.

Last reviewed on 11/21/2024.
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